---文章转自实验与分析
1、常用仪器
原子发射光谱仪AtomicEmission Spectrometer AES;
电感偶合等离子体发射光谱仪Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer ICP;
直流等离子体发射光谱仪DirectCurrent Plasma Emission Spectrometer DCP;
紫外-可见光分光光度计UV-VisibleSpectrophotometer UV-Vis;
微波等离子体光谱仪MicrowaveInductive Plasma Emission Spectrometer MIP;
原子吸收光谱仪AtomicAbsorption Spectroscopy AAS;
原子荧光光谱仪AtomicFluorescence Spectroscopy AFS;
傅里叶变换红外光谱仪FT-IRSpectrometer FTIR;
傅里叶变换拉曼光谱仪FT-RamanSpectrometer FTIR-Raman;
气相色谱仪GasChromatograph GC;
高压/效液相色谱仪HighPressure/Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC;
离子色谱仪IonChromatograph;
凝胶渗透色谱仪GelPermeation Chromatograph GPC;
体积排阻色谱SizeExclusion Chromatograph SEC;
X 射线荧光光谱仪X-RayFluorescence Spectrometer XRF X;
射线衍射仪X-RayDiffractomer XRD;
同位素X荧光光谱仪IsotopeX-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer;
电子能谱仪ElectronEnergy Disperse Spectroscopy;
能谱仪EnergyDisperse Spectroscopy EDS;
质谱仪MassSpectrometer MS;
ICP-质谱联用仪ICP-MSICP-MS;
气相色谱-质谱联用仪GC-MSGC-MS;
液相色谱-质谱联用仪LC-MSLC-MS;
核磁共振波谱仪NuclearMagnetic Resonance Spectrometer NMR;
电子顺磁共振波谱仪ElectronParamagnetic Resonance Spectrometer ESR;
极谱仪Polarograph;
伏安仪Voltammerter;
自动滴定仪AutomaticTitrator;
电导仪ConductivityMeter;
pH计pH Meter;
水质分析仪WaterTest Kits;
电泳仪ElectrophoresisSystem;
表面科学SurfaceScience;
电子显微镜ElectroMicroscopy;
光学显微镜OpticalMicroscopy;
金相显微镜MetallurgicalMicroscopy;
扫描探针显微镜ScanningProbe Microscopy;
表面分析仪SurfaceAnalyzer;
无损检测仪Instrumentfor Nondestructive Testing;
物性分析PhysicalProperty Analysis;
热分析仪ThermalAnalyzer;
粘度计Viscometer;
流变仪Rheometer;
粒度分析仪ParticleSize Analyzer;
热物理性能测定仪ThermalPhysical Property Tester;
电性能测定仪ElectricalProperty Tester;
光学性能测定仪OpticalProperty Tester;
机械性能测定仪MechanicalProperty Tester;
燃烧性能测定仪CombustionProperty Tester;
老化性能测定仪AgingProperty Tester;
生物技术分析Biochemicalanalysis;
PCR仪Instrumentfor Polymerase Chain ReactionPCR;
DNA及蛋白质的测序和合成仪Sequencersand Synthesizers for DNAand Protein;
传感器Sensors;
其他Other/Miscellaneous;
流动分析与过程分析FlowAnalytical and Process Analytical Chemistry;
气体分析GasAnalysis;
基本物理量测定BasicPhysics;
样品处理SampleHandling;
金属/材料元素分析仪Metal/materialelemental analysis;
环境成分分析仪CHNAnalysis;
发酵罐Fermenter;
生物反应器Bio-reactor;
摇床Shaker;
离心机Centrifuge;
超声破碎仪UltrasonicCell Disruptor;
超低温冰箱Ultra-lowTemperature Freezer;
恒温循环泵ConstantTemperature Circulator;
超滤器UltrahighPurity Filter;
冻干机FreezeDrying Equipment;
部分收集器FractionCollector;
氨基酸测序仪ProteinSequencer;
氨基酸组成分析仪AminoAcid Analyzer;
多肽合成仪Peptidesynthesizer;
DNA测序仪DNASequencers;
DNA合成仪DNAsynthesizer;
紫外观察灯UltravioletLamp;
分子杂交仪HybridizationOven;
PCR仪PCRAmplifier;
化学发光仪ChemiluminescenceApparatus;
紫外检测仪UltravioletDetector;
酶标仪ELIASA;
CO2培养箱CO2Incubators;
倒置显微镜InvertedMicroscope;
超净工作台Bechtop;
流式细胞仪FlowCytometer;
微生物自动分析系统AutomaticAnalyzer for Microbes;
生化分析仪BiochemicalAnalyzer;
血气分析仪Blood-gasAnalyzer;
电解质分析仪ElectrolyticAnalyzer;
尿液分析仪UrineAnalyzer;
临床药物浓度仪Analyzerfor Clinic Medicine Concentration;
血球计数器HematocyteCounter;
2、色谱术语
色谱图chromatogram;
色谱峰chromatographicpeak;
峰底peak base;
峰高h,peak height;
峰宽W,peak width;
半高峰宽Wh/2,peak width at halfheight;
峰面积A,peak area;
拖尾峰tailingarea;
前伸峰leadingarea;
假峰ghost peak;
畸峰distortedpeak;
反峰negativepeak;
拐点inflectionpoint;
原点origin;
斑点spot;
区带zone;
复班multiplespot;
区带脱尾zonetailing;
基线base line;
基线漂移baselinedrift;
基线噪声N,baseline noise;
统计矩moment;
一阶原点矩γ1,first origin moment;
二阶中心矩μ2,second centralmoment;
三阶中心矩μ3,third centralmoment;
液相色谱法liquidchromatography,LC;
液液色谱法liquidliquid chromatography,LLC;
液固色谱法liquidsolid chromatography,LSC;
正相液相色谱法normalphase liquid chromatography;
反相液相色谱法reversedphase liquid chromatography,RPLC;
柱液相色谱法liquidcolumn chromatography;
高效液相色谱法highperformance liquid chromatography,HPLC;
尺寸排除色谱法sizeexclusion chromatography,SEC;
凝胶过滤色谱法gelfiltration chromatography;
凝胶渗透色谱法gelpermeation chromatography,GPC;
亲和色谱法affinitychromatography;
离子交换色谱法ionexchange chromatography;
IEC离子色谱法ionchromatography;
离子抑制色谱法ionsuppression chromatography;
离子对色谱法ionpair chromatography;
疏水作用色谱法hydrophobicinteraction chromatography;
制备液相色谱法preparativeliquid chromatography;
平面色谱法planarchromatography;
纸色谱法paperchromatography;
薄层色谱法thinlayer chromatography,TLC;
高效薄层色谱法highperformance thin layer chromatography,HPTLC;
浸渍薄层色谱法impregnatedthin layer chromatography;
凝胶薄层色谱法gelthin layer chromatography;
离子交换薄层色谱法ionexchange thin layer chromatography;
制备薄层色谱法preparativethin layer chromatography;
薄层棒色谱法thinlayer rod chromatography;
液相色谱仪liquidchromatograph;
制备液相色谱仪preparativeliquid chromatograph;
凝胶渗透色谱仪gelpermeation chromatograph;
涂布器spreader;
点样器sampleapplicator;
色谱柱chromatographiccolumn;
棒状色谱柱monolithcolumn monolith column;
微粒柱microparticlecolumn;
填充毛细管柱packedcapillary column;
空心柱opentubular column;
微径柱microborecolumn;
混合柱mixedcolumn;
组合柱coupledcolumn;
预柱precolumn;
保护柱guard column;
预饱和柱presaturationcolumn;
浓缩柱concentratingcolumn;
抑制柱suppressioncolumn;
薄层板thinlayer plate;
浓缩区薄层板concentratingthin layer plate;
荧光薄层板fluorescencethin layer plate;
反相薄层板reversedphase thin layer plate;
梯度薄层板gradientthin layer plate;
烧结板sinteredplate;
展开室developmentchamber;
往复泵reciprocatingpump;
注射泵syringepump;
气动泵pneumaticpump;
蠕动泵peristalticpump;
检测器detector;
微分检测器differentialdetector;
积分检测器integraldetector;
总体性能检测器bulkproperty detector;
溶质性能检测器soluteproperty detector;
(示差)折光率检测器[differential] refractiveindex detector;
荧光检测器fluorescencedetector;
紫外可见光检测器ultravioletvisible detector;
电化学检测器electrochemicaldetector;
蒸发(激光)光散射检测器[laser] light scatteringdetector;
光密度计densitometer;
薄层扫描仪thinlayer scanner;
柱后反应器post-columnreactor;
体积标记器volumemarker;
记录器recorder;
积分仪integrator;
馏分收集器fractioncollector;
工作站workstation;
固定相stationaryphase;
固定液stationaryliquid;
载体support;
柱填充剂columnpacking;
化学键合相填充剂chemicallybonded phase packing;
薄壳型填充剂pellicularpacking;
多孔型填充剂porouspacking;
吸附剂adsorbent;
离子交换剂ionexchanger;
基体matrix;
载板supportplate;
粘合剂binder;
流动相mobilephase;
洗脱(淋洗)剂eluant,eluent;
展开剂developer;
等水容剂isohydricsolvent;
改性剂modifier;
显色剂color[developing] agent;
死时间t0,dead time;
保留时间tR,retention time;
调整保留时间t'R,adjusted retentiontime;
死体积V0,dead volume;
保留体积vR,retention volume;
调整保留体积v'R,adjusted retentionvolume;
柱外体积Vext,extra-column volune;
粒间体积V0,interstitial volume;
(多孔填充剂的)孔体积VP,pore volume of porouspacking;
液相总体积Vtol,total liquid volume;
洗脱体积ve,elution volume;
流体力学体积vh,hydrodynamic volume;
相对保留值ri.s,relative retentionvalue;
分离因子α,separationfactor;
流动相迁移距离dm,mobile phasemigration distance;
流动相前沿mobilephase front;
溶质迁移距离ds,solute migrationdistance;
比移值Rf,Rf value;
高比移值hRf,high Rf value;
相对比移值Ri.s,relative Rf value;
保留常数值Rm,Rm value;
板效能plateefficiency;
折合板高hr,reduced plateheight;
分离度R,resolution;
液相载荷量liquidphase loading;
离子交换容量ionexchange capacity;
负载容量loadingcapacity;
渗透极限permeabilitylimit;
排除极限Vh,max,exclusion limit;
拖尾因子T,tailing factor;
柱外效应extra-columneffect;
管壁效应walleffect;
间隔臂效应spacerarm effect;
边缘效应edgeeffect;
斑点定位法localizationof spot;
放射自显影法autoradiography;
原位定量in situquantitation;
生物自显影法bioautography;
归一法normalizationmethod;
内标法internalstandard method;
外标法externalstandard method;
叠加法additionmethod;
普适校准(曲线、函数)calibrationfunction or curve [function];
谱带扩展(加宽)band broadening;
(分离作用的)校准函数或校准曲线universal calibrationfunction or curve [of separation];
加宽校正broadeningcorrection;
加宽校正因子broadeningcorrection factor;
溶剂强度参数ε0,solvent strengthparameter;
洗脱序列eluotropicseries;
洗脱(淋洗) elution;
等度洗脱gradientelution;
梯度洗脱gradientelution;
(再)循环洗脱recycling elution;
线性溶剂强度洗脱linearsolvent strength gradient;
程序溶剂programmedsolvent;
程序压力programmedpressure;
程序流速programmedflow;
展开development;
上行展开ascendingdevelopment;
下行展开descendingdevelopment;
双向展开twodimensional development;
环形展开circulardevelopment;
离心展开centrifugaldevelopment;
向心展开centripetaldevelopment;
径向展开radialdevelopment;
多次展开multipledevelopment;
分步展开stepwisedevelopment;
连续展开continuousdevelopment;
梯度展开gradientdevelopment;
匀浆填充slurrypacking;
停流进样stop-flowinjection;
阀进样valveinjection;
柱上富集on-columnenrichment;
流出液eluate;
柱上检测on-columndetection;
柱寿命columnlife;
柱流失columnbleeding;
显谱visualization;
活化activation;
反冲backflushing;
脱气degassing;
沟流channeling;
过载overloading;