重金属废水处理的武器:负载零价铁的活性炭

负载零价铁的活性炭是一种非常高效的环境功能材料。

本研究以目前水处理产生的大量污泥为碳源，干燥研磨之后直接与固体铁盐粉末混合并进行高温碳化和铁还原，省去了传统耗时耗能的浸泡过程，成功合成了高效的用于重金属废水处理的吸附剂。

结合先进而全面的仪器分析，结果显示有机官能团和铁氧化物引起的化学吸附是重金属去除的主要机理。

Low-cost but high-efficiency composites of iron-containing porous carbons were prepared using sewage sludge and ferric salts as raw materials. Unlike previous time- and energy-consuming manufacturing procedures, this study shows that pyrolyzing a mixture of sludge and ferric salt can produce suitable composites for lead adsorption. The specific surface area, the total pore volume and the average pore width of the optimal composite were 321 m2/g, 0.25 cm3/g, and 3.17 nm, respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that ferric salt favored the formation of metallic iron, while Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the formation of hydroxyl and carboxylic groups. The result of batch tests indicated that the adsorption capacity of carbons activated with ferric salt could be as high as 128.9 mg/g, while that of carbons without activation was 79.1 mg/g. The new manufacturing procedure used in this study could save at least 19.5 kJ of energy per gram of activated carbon.